Halloween, celebrated on October 31st, is a holiday filled with costumes, candy, spooky stories and spooky decorations that is celebrated in many parts of the world. However, Halloween’s origins run much deeper than the fun and festive traditions associated with it today. Rooted in ancient customs, Halloween began thousands of years ago as an important cultural and spiritual event, evolving into the family-friendly holiday we know today.
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What is the history of Halloween?
Halloween has its origins in the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (pronounced “sow-in”), which was celebrated more than 2,000 years ago by the Celts who lived in what is now Ireland, England and northern France. Samhain marks the end of the harvest season and the beginning of winter, and is considered the “dark half” of the year.
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The Celts believed that on the night of October 31, the boundaries between the world of the living and the dead became blurred, allowing good and evil spirits to roam the earth.
Samhain is a time when people honor the dead and try to protect themselves from harmful spirits. To celebrate, they build bonfires, dress in costumes, and perform rituals to ward off evil creatures.
The influence of Roman tradition on Samhain
As the Roman Empire expanded, they conquered the Celtic territories in AD 43, bringing their own customs and religious practices, which gradually merged with the Samhain traditions. Two festivals in particular, Feralia and Pomona, influenced the eventual Halloween:
- filaglia
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The Roman festival of Ferralia was held in late October to commemorate the dead, in keeping with the Samhain custom of connecting with spirits. This festival has a similar theme to Samhain, honoring deceased ancestors and offering offerings.
- Pomona
Pomona, the Roman goddess of fruit and harvest, was celebrated around the same time as Samhain. The apple, her symbol, is integrated into the Halloween tradition. The custom of biting an apple on Halloween is believed to have originated here as it was a symbolic gesture to invoke Pomona’s blessing.
Modern Halloween traditions and symbols
Halloween has become one of the most popular holidays in the United States and has influenced celebrations around the world. It has several iconic symbols and customs:
- clothing
Costumes have evolved from simple ghost-bending disguises to elaborate, creative costumes inspired by pop culture, fantasy characters and spooky themes. Today, costume parties have become a central part of Halloween celebrations.
- jack o’lantern
A jack-o’-lantern, carved from a pumpkin with a candle inside, is perhaps the most well-known symbol of Halloween. The tradition goes back to an Irish folktale about “Stingy Jack,” a man destined to roam the earth with only a hollowed-out turnip to light his way. When Halloween came to America, pumpkins, which were more abundant than radishes, became the material of choice for these lanterns.
- haunted house
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In the 20th century, haunted houses became a popular Halloween attraction. These paranormal experiences feature staged horror scenes, spooky decorations and actors dressed as monsters, allowing people to experience the thrill of fear in a safe environment.
- trick or treating
Trick-or-treating has become a beloved Halloween tradition, in which children dress up in fancy costumes and go door-to-door to collect candy. This tradition became popular in the United States in the 1940s and is now a staple event in many countries, adding a fun and community-focused element to Halloween celebrations.
Halloween is a historic holiday with roots dating back to ancient Celtic rites, Roman customs and Christian rituals. Over the centuries, it has evolved from a spiritual event marking the transition to winter to a festive occasion focused on creativity, community and fun.
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Source: https://dinhtienhoang.edu.vn
Category: Optical Illusion