The Paralympics are a major international sporting event for athletes with disabilities, comparable to the Olympics. The Paralympics are held in two events, summer and winter, alternating every two years. The Paralympics include many of the same events as the Olympics, such as:
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- Winter sports: Alpine skiing, cross-country skiing, biathlon
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Sports equipment is often adapted to suit specific disabilities. Details of the Paralympics date back to 1948, when Dr. Ludwig Guttmann organized the first competition for wheelchair athletes, the Stoke Mandeville Games, held in conjunction with the London Olympics. The first Paralympics were held in Rome in 1960, with 400 athletes from 23 countries competing in eight events. Since then, the Paralympics have been held every four years, shortly after the Olympic Games, in the same city that hosted the Olympics.
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Governance
The Paralympics are governed by the International Paralympic Committee, a German-based organization founded in 1989. The word itself is a blend of two Greek roots – “parama” means “alongside” or “beside”, a reference to the fact that the Paralympics take place at the same time as the Olympics.
List of host cities
Currently, the Paralympic Games are held in the same host city as the Olympic Games. The first Paralympic Games were held in Rome in 1960, while the first Winter Paralympic Games were held in Örnsköldsvik, Sweden in 1976. The following table lists the host cities of the Summer and Winter Paralympic Games:
|
Year |
Summer Paralympics |
Winter Paralympics |
|
1960 |
Rome, Italy |
– |
|
1964 |
Tokyo, Japan |
– |
|
1968 |
Tel Aviv, Israel |
– |
|
1972 |
Heidelberg, West Germany |
– |
|
1976 |
Toronto, Canada |
Ornskoldsvik, Sweden |
|
1980 |
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Geilo, Norway |
|
1984 |
Stoke Mandeville, UK & New York, USA |
Innsbruck, Austria |
|
1988 |
Seoul, South Korea |
Innsbruck, Austria |
|
1992 |
Barcelona, Spain |
Tignes-Albertville, France |
|
1996 |
Atlanta, USA |
Lillehammer, Norway |
|
2000 |
Sydney, Australia |
NAGANO JAPAN |
|
2004 |
Athens, Greece |
Salt Lake City, USA |
|
2008 |
Beijing, China |
Turin, Italy |
|
2012 |
London, UK |
Vancouver, Canada |
|
2016 |
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
Sochi, Russia |
|
2020 |
Tokyo, Japan (2021) |
Pyeongchang, South Korea |
|
2024 |
Paris, France |
– |
|
2026 |
– |
Milan – Cortina d’Ampezzo, Italy |
|
2030 |
– |
French Alps |
|
2034 |
– |
Salt Lake City – Utah, USA |
After a long period of development, the Paralympic Games has now become one of the largest sporting events in the world, providing people with disabilities with opportunities to demonstrate their abilities and promote social integration.
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Category: Optical Illusion