The presidents of the United States are among the most influential and watched roles in global leadership, each shaping the course of American history and influencing the world. Since George Washington became the first president in 1789, the United States has had 46 people serve as heads of state, each with unique backgrounds, ideas and policies.
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From pivotal wars to social movements, economic upheaval, and technological advances, U.S. presidents have responded to ever-changing circumstances and made decisions that will impact not only their own time, but for generations to come.
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This list of U.S. presidents takes a chronological look at U.S. history, documenting how each leader responded to the challenges of their era. These presidential terms span more than two centuries and reflect changes in national priorities—from expansion and industrialization in the 19th century to global leadership and digital transformation in the 21st century.
Each administration faces its own struggles, from domestic conflicts and economic crises to evolving civil rights issues and complex foreign policy.
Exploring the lives and legacies of America’s presidents reveals the diversity of their approaches to governance, as well as the evolution of American values and the powers granted to the president by the Constitution.
It also highlights the shift in the political landscape from the Founding Era, dominated by the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans, to the rise of the Democrats and Republicans who continue to shape American politics today.
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Complete list of US presidents
|
No. |
president |
Start of semester |
end of semester |
party |
election |
Vice President |
|
1 |
george washington |
April 30, 1789 |
March 4, 1797 |
No affiliation |
1788, 1792 |
John Adams |
|
2 |
John Adams |
March 4, 1797 |
March 4, 1801 |
federalists |
1796 |
thomas jefferson |
|
3 |
thomas jefferson |
March 4, 1801 |
March 4, 1809 |
democratic republican party |
1800, 1804 |
Aaron Burr, George Clinton |
|
4 |
james madison |
March 4, 1809 |
March 4, 1817 |
democratic republican party |
1808, 1812 |
George Clinton, Elbridge Gerry |
|
5 |
james monroe |
March 4, 1817 |
March 4, 1825 |
democratic republican party |
1816, 1820 |
Daniel D. Tompkins |
|
6 |
John Quincy Adams |
March 4, 1825 |
March 4, 1829 |
Democratic-Republican Party, National Republican Party |
1824 |
John C. Calhoun |
|
7 |
andrew jackson |
March 4, 1829 |
March 4, 1837 |
democracy |
1828, 1832 |
John Calhoun, Martin Van Buren |
|
8 |
Martin Van Buren |
March 4, 1837 |
March 4, 1841 |
democracy |
1836 |
Richard Mentor Johnson |
|
9 |
William Henry Harrison |
March 4, 1841 |
April 4, 1841 |
whig party |
1840 |
John Taylor |
|
10 |
John Taylor |
April 4, 1841 |
March 4, 1845 |
Whig Party, nonpartisan |
– |
vacancy |
|
11 |
James K. Polk |
March 4, 1845 |
March 4, 1849 |
democracy |
1844 |
George M. Dallas |
|
12 |
Zachary Taylor |
March 4, 1849 |
July 9, 1850 |
whig party |
1848 |
millard fillmore |
|
13 |
millard fillmore |
July 9, 1850 |
March 4, 1853 |
whig party |
– |
vacancy |
|
14 |
franklin pierce |
March 4, 1853 |
March 4, 1857 |
democracy |
1852 |
William R. King |
|
15 |
James Buchanan |
March 4, 1857 |
March 4, 1861 |
democracy |
1856 |
John C. Breckinridge |
|
16 |
abraham lincoln |
March 4, 1861 |
April 15, 1865 |
Republican Party, National Alliance |
1860, 1864 |
Hannibal Hamlin, Andrew Johnson |
|
No. 17 |
Andrew Johnson |
April 15, 1865 |
March 4, 1869 |
National Alliance, Democratic Party |
– |
vacancy |
|
18 |
Ulysses Grant |
March 4, 1869 |
March 4, 1877 |
republican |
1868, 1872 |
Skyler Colfax, Henry Wilson |
|
19 |
Rutherford B. Hayes |
March 4, 1877 |
March 4, 1881 |
republican |
1876 |
William Wheeler |
|
20 |
James A. Garfield |
March 4, 1881 |
September 19, 1881 |
republican |
1880 |
Chester Arthur |
|
twenty one |
Chester Arthur |
September 19, 1881 |
March 4, 1885 |
republican |
– |
vacancy |
|
twenty two |
Grover Cleveland |
March 4, 1885 |
March 4, 1889 |
democracy |
1884 |
Thomas A. Hendrix |
|
twenty three |
benjamin harrison |
March 4, 1889 |
March 4, 1893 |
republican |
1888 |
Levi P. Morton |
|
twenty four |
Grover Cleveland |
March 4, 1893 |
March 4, 1897 |
democracy |
1892 |
Adlai Stevenson I |
|
25 |
William McKinley |
March 4, 1897 |
September 14, 1901 |
republican |
1896, 1900 |
Garrett Hobart, Theodore Roosevelt |
|
26 |
Theodore Roosevelt |
September 14, 1901 |
March 4, 1909 |
republican |
– |
Charles W. Fairbanks |
|
27 |
William Howard Taft |
March 4, 1909 |
March 4, 1913 |
republican |
1908 |
James Sherman |
|
28 |
woodrow wilson |
March 4, 1913 |
March 4, 1921 |
democracy |
1912, 1916 |
Thomas Marshall |
|
29 |
Warren G. Harding |
March 4, 1921 |
August 2, 1923 |
republican |
1920 |
calvin coolidge |
|
30 |
calvin coolidge |
August 2, 1923 |
March 4, 1929 |
republican |
– |
Charles G. Dawes |
|
31 |
Herbert Hoover |
March 4, 1929 |
March 4, 1933 |
republican |
1928 |
Charles Curtis |
|
32 |
franklin roosevelt |
March 4, 1933 |
[April121945[1945年4月12日 |
democracy |
1932, 1936, 1940, 1944 |
John Nance Garner, Henry A. Wallace, Harry S. Truman |
|
33 |
Harry S. Truman |
[April121945[1945年4月12日 |
January 20, 1953 |
democracy |
– |
Alban W. Buckley |
|
34 |
Dwight D. Eisenhower |
January 20, 1953 |
January 20, 1961 |
republican |
1952, 1956 |
Richard Nixon |
|
35 |
John F.Kennedy |
January 20, 1961 |
November 22, 1963 |
democracy |
1960 |
Lyndon Johnson |
|
36 |
Lyndon Johnson |
November 22, 1963 |
January 20, 1969 |
democracy |
– |
Hubert Humphrey |
|
37 |
Richard Nixon |
January 20, 1969 |
August 9, 1974 |
republican |
1968, 1972 |
Spiro Agnew, Gerald Ford |
|
38 |
Gerald Ford |
August 9, 1974 |
January 20, 1977 |
republican |
– |
Nelson Rockefeller |
|
39 |
jimmy carter |
January 20, 1977 |
January 20, 1981 |
democracy |
1976 |
Walter Mondale |
|
40 |
ronald regan |
January 20, 1981 |
January 20, 1989 |
republican |
1980, 1984 |
George H.W. Bush |
|
41 |
George H.W. Bush |
January 20, 1989 |
January 20, 1993 |
republican |
1988 |
Dan Quayle |
|
42 |
bill clinton |
January 20, 1993 |
January 20, 2001 |
democracy |
1992, 1996 |
al gore |
|
43 |
George W. Bush |
January 20, 2001 |
January 20, 2009 |
republican |
2000, 2004 |
dick cheney |
|
44 |
barack obama |
January 20, 2009 |
January 20, 2017 |
democracy |
2008, 2012 |
Joe Biden |
|
45 |
Donald Trump |
January 20, 2017 |
January 20, 2021 |
republican |
2016 |
Mike Pence |
|
46 |
Joe Biden |
January 20, 2021 |
Incumbent |
democracy |
2020 |
Kamala Harris |
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