Born on September 25, 1916, in the village of Nagra Chandraban in the Mathura district of Uttar Pradesh, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya was one of India’s most influential politicians and philosophers. Although he was born a Brahmin, he suffered misfortune when he lost both his parents at the age of eight. His maternal uncle and aunt took him in and encouraged him to get an education. Upadhyaya excelled in his studies and received scholarships and awards during his studies. The Maharaja of Sikar awarded him a gold medal for his excellent performance in high school.
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Early involvement in politics
Upadhyaya became an RSS activist in 1937 while studying at the Sanatan Dharma College in Kanpur. His work with the RSS marked the beginning of his lifelong commitment to nationalist activism. By 1942, he had fully committed himself to the RSS, eventually becoming one of its key organizers.
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Founding of the Indian People’s League
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In 1951, Deendayal Upadhyaya co-founded the Bharatiya Janata Union (BJS) with Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee as an alternative to the Indian National Congress. Upadhyaya served as the General Secretary of the BJS for decades and played a key role in building the ideological foundation of the BJS with the idea of ”Integral Humanism” which blended individual interests with a collective approach under the spirit of cultural nationalism. Under his leadership, the BJS grew rapidly and became a major political force by the late 1960s.
Holistic Humanism
Upadhyaya proposed a philosophy of “holistic humanism” that advocated combining spiritual values with material progress in a balanced manner. He envisioned a decentralized political system centered on the village and a self-reliant economy, with local industries and sustainable practices playing a central role. His ideas were rooted in Indian cultural values and advocated social harmony and economic self-reliance.
Legacy and Death
On February 11, 1968, Deendayal Upadhyaya died under mysterious circumstances while travelling on a train. His death came as a shock to many and the reasons for his death are still debated. His legacy lives on through his writings and speeches, which still influence Indian politics. His vision of One India and service to all Indians still resonates in Indian politics.
Every year on September 25, India celebrates Antiodaya Day to mark the birth anniversary of Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya. The day serves as a reminder of his contribution to the advancement of marginalized communities and epitomizes his philosophy of Antiodaya, or the rise of the last in society. This philosophy emphasizes ensuring that the most vulnerable are given priority in social and economic development efforts.
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