When did Delhi become the capital of India?

Did you know that Kolkata was the administrative center of India before Delhi became the capital in 1911? The transition from Kolkata to Delhi was more than a change of location, it was a bold political move and a visionary architectural transformation that marked a new era in Indian history.

Delhi’s rise as a capital was driven by a grand strategy that blended colonial ambitions with cultural reinvention and laid the foundation for the city to become the heartbeat of a newly independent nation.

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decision to move the capital

During the Delhi Durbar on December 12, 1911, King George V announced his decision to shift the capital from Calcutta (then known as Calcutta) to Delhi. Other factors also played a role, such as Delhi’s history as an important political center for different empires, its location, and the British government’s desire to have a more geographically and politically centralized capital.

Factors affecting moving

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Prior to this change, Calcutta had been the capital of British India since the early 19th century. However, British officials realized that Delhi was strategically located, closer to the summer capital Shimla, and easy to govern throughout the year. Furthermore, Delhi’s deep history, intertwined with Hindu and Muslim pride, attracted the attention of the British and made it the capital of the new imperial city.

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architectural vision

Two of the most famous British architects, Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker, were assigned responsibility for the design and construction of New Delhi. The city they planned must reflect the majesty of British imperial power while also meeting the requirements of a modern administrative center. After the First World War, construction began in earnest and £4 million was allocated for this landmark project.

New Delhi inauguration ceremony

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On February 13, 1931, the then Governor-General of India, Lord Owen, finally designated New Delhi as the capital. Built along wide boulevards, the new capital is a mix of stunning government buildings and lush gardens, using Indian and European architectural design styles. Therefore, this is not just the completion of an architectural space; It marks the dawn of a new era of governance in India.

new delhi today

Since its inception, New Delhi has transformed into a vibrant metropolis and is considered the political center of India. The city is home to some of the important government institutions of the country such as the Parliament House, the official residence of the President, Rashtrapati Bhavan and many ministries. Today, New Delhi bears witness to the complex history of India and its journey towards independence and self-government.

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Source: https://dinhtienhoang.edu.vn
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